The relationship of alcohol dependence and alcohol consumption with periodontitis: A systematic review

Amaral, Cristine da Silva Furtado; Vettore, Mario Vianna; Leão, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2009.04.011

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Volume 37, Issue 9 , Pages 643-651, September 2009

The relationship of alcohol dependence and alcohol consumption with periodontitis: A systematic review

Cristine da Silva Furtado Amaral
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Graduate Periodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) – RJ, Brazil
- Address: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Clínica Odontológica – disciplina de Periodontia, Avenida Brigadeiro Trompovsky S/N - Bloco “K”, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Corresponding author at: Avenida Oswaldo Cruz 95 apto. 507 - Flamengo, CEP: 22250-060, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brazil. Tel.: +55 21 2552 0655/96313639; fax: +55 21 2553 5696.
Mario Vianna Vettore
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (ENSP/FIOCRUZ) – RJ, Brazil
- Address: Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública – Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 sala 809, Manguinhos, CEP: 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Anna Leão
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Graduate Periodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) – RJ, Brazil
- Address: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Clínica Odontológica – disciplina de Periodontia, Avenida Brigadeiro Trompovsky S/N - Bloco “K”, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Received 29 November 2008; received in revised form 5 March 2009; accepted 21 April 2009. published online 25 May 2009.

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the studies about the relationship of alcohol dependence and alcohol consumption with periodontitis.

Data and sources

A comprehensive search was performed in the Systematic Eletronic (PUBMED Medline, Latin American and Caribean Health Science—LILACS, Scientific electronic library online-SciELO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials—CCRT literature databases) from January 1965 to July 2008. The reference lists of the identified studies were also searched.

Results

Of the 1530 papers identified, 11 cross-sectional and 5 longitudinal observational studies met the inclusion criteria. Seven of the 12 studies on alcohol consumption and 4 of the 4 studies on alcohol dependence reported positive associations between alcohol intake and periodontitis. There was heterogeneity among studies concerning the methods of assessment of alcohol dependence, alcohol consumption and periodontitis. Therefore no meta-analysis was performed. Although smoking was properly addressed in all selected studies, the confounding effect of dental plaque was taken into account in only 6 studies.

Conclusion

Alcohol consumption can be considered a risk indicator for periodontitis. Longitudinal studies on the association of alcohol dependence and alcohol consumption with periodontitis are needed to confirm the association or not.

Keywords: Alcohol consumption, Alcohol dependence, Periodontal disease, Systematic review