Journal of Dentistry
Volume 37 , Pages e51-e56 , 2009

Effects of duration of whitening strip treatment on tooth color: A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial

  • Edward J. Swift Jr.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Department of Operative Dentistry, University of North Carolina, CB#7450, 433 Brauer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7450, USA. Tel.: +1 919 966 2773; fax: +1 919 966 5660.
    • ,
  • Harald O. Heymann

      Affiliations

    • Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • ,
  • Aldridge D. Wilder Jr.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • ,
  • Matthew L. Barker

      Affiliations

    • The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, OH, USA
    • ,
  • Robert W. Gerlach

      Affiliations

    • The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, OH, USA

Received 4 March 2009 ,Revised 21 April 2009 ,Accepted 5 May 2009.

References 

  1. Haywood VB, Heymann HO. Nightguard vital bleaching. Quintessence International. 1989;20:173–176
  2. Oullet D, Los S, Case H, Healy R. Double blind whitening night-guard study using ten percent carbamide peroxide. Journal of Esthetic Dentistry. 1992;4:79–83
  3. Reinhardt JW, Eivins SE, Swift EJ, Denehy GE. A clinical study of nightguard vital bleaching. Quintessence International. 1993;24:379–384
  4. Gegauff AG, Rosenstiel SF, Langhout KJ, Johnston WM. Evaluating tooth color change from carbamide peroxide gel. Journal of the American Dental Association. 1993;124:65–72
  5. Haywood VB, Heymann HO. Nightguard vital bleaching: how safe is it?. Quintessence International. 1991;22:515–523
  6. Howard WR. Patient-applied tooth whiteners—are they safe, effective with supervision?. Journal of the American Dental Association. 1992;123:57–60
  7. Rosenstiel SF, Gegauff AG, Johnston WM. Randomized clinical trial of the efficacy and safety of a home bleaching procedure. Quintessence International. 1996;27:413–424
  8. Russell CM, Dickinson GL, Johnson MH, Curtis JW, Downey MC, Haywood VB, et al. Dentist-supervised home bleaching with ten percent carbamide peroxide gel: a six-month study. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 1996;8:177–182
  9. Swift EJ, May KN, Wilder AD, Heymann HO, Wilder RS, Bayne SC. Six-month clinical evaluation of a tooth whitening system using an innovative design. Journal of Esthetic Dentistry. 1997;9:265–274
  10. Matis BA, Cochran MA, Eckert G, Carlson TJ. The efficacy and safety of a 10% carbamide peroxide gel. Quintessence International. 1998;29:555–563
  11. Heymann HO, Swift EJ, Bayne SC, May KN, Wilder AD, Mann GB, et al. Clinical evaluation of two carbamide peroxide tooth-whitening agents. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry. 1998;19:359–374
  12. Haywood VB, Leonard RH, Nelson CF, Brunson WD. Effectiveness, side effects and long-term status of nightguard vital bleaching. Journal of the American Dental Association. 1994;125:1219–1226
  13. Haywood VB, Leonard RH, Dickinson GL. Efficacy of six months of nightguard vital bleaching of tetracycline-stained teeth. Journal of Esthetic Dentistry. 1997;9:13–19
  14. Matis BA, Mousa HN, Cochran MA, Eckert GJ. Clinical evaluation of bleaching agents of different concentrations. Quintessence International. 2000;31:303–310
  15. Mokhlis GR, Matis BA, Cochran MA, Eckert GJ. A clinical evaluation of carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide whitening agents during daytime use. Journal of the American Dental Association. 2000;131:1269–1277
  16. Kihn PW, Barnes DM, Romberg E, Peterson K. A clinical evaluation of 10 percent vs. 15 percent carbamide peroxide tooth-whitening agents. Journal of the American Dental Association. 2000;131:1478–1484
  17. Haywood VB. Current status of nightguard vital bleaching. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry. 2000;21:S10–S17
  18. Gerlach RW. Shifting paradigms in whitening: Introduction of a novel system for vital tooth bleaching. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry. 2000;21:S4–S9
  19. Gerlach RW, Barker ML, Sagel PA. Objective and subjective whitening response of two self-directed bleaching systems. American Journal of Dentistry. 2002;15:7A–12A
  20. Gerlach RW, Sagel PA. Vital bleaching with a thin peroxide gel. Journal of the American Dental Association. 2004;135:99–101
  21. Ferrari M, Cagidiaco MC, Monticelli F, Kugel G, Barker ML, Gerlach RW. Daytime use of a custom bleaching tray or whitening strips: initial and sustained color improvement. American Journal of Dentistry. 2007;20:19A–22A
  22. Yudhira R, Peumans M, Barker ML, Gerlach RW. Clinical trial of tooth whitening with 6% hydrogen peroxide whitening strips and two whitening dentifrices. American Journal of Dentistry. 2007;20:32A–36A
  23. Gerlach RW. Clinical trials and oral care R&D. Journal of the American College of Dentistry. 2006;73:26–31
  24. Sagel PA, Gerlach RW. Application of digital imaging in tooth whitening randomized controlled trials. American Journal of Dentistry. 2007;20:7A–14A
  25. Sagel PA, Lapujade PG, Miller JM, Sundberg RJ. Objective quantification of plaque using digital image analysis. Monographs in Oral Science. 2000;17:130–143
  26. Gerlach RW, Barker ML, Karpinia K, Magnusson I. Single site meta-analysis of 6% hydrogen peroxide whitening strip effectiveness and safety over 2 weeks. Journal of Dentistry. 2009;37:360–365
  27. Gerlach RW, Gibb RD, Sagel PA. Initial color change and color retention with a hydrogen peroxide bleaching strip. American Journal of Dentistry. 2002;15:3–7

PII: S0300-5712(09)00106-7

doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.05.009

Journal of Dentistry
Volume 37 , Pages e51-e56 , 2009

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