Journal of Dentistry
Volume 37, Issue 5 , Pages 366-373 , May 2009

Penetration of amalgam constituents into dentine

  • Johannes D. Scholtanus

      Affiliations

    • University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, P.O. Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands. Tel.: +31 50 3638374; fax: +31 50 363 2696.
  • ,
  • Mutlu Özcan

      Affiliations

    • University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
  • ,
  • Marie-Charlotte D.N.J.M. Huysmans

      Affiliations

    • Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Received 6 September 2008 ,Revised 8 January 2009 ,Accepted 17 January 2009.

References 

  1. Mjör IA, Gordan VV. Failure, repair, refurbishing and longevity of restorations. Operative Dentistry. 2002;27:528–534
  2. Kleter GA. Discoloration of dental carious lesions (a review). Archives of Oral Biology. 1998;43:629–632
  3. Nakajima M, Sano H, Burrow MF, Tagami J, Yoshiyama M, Ebisu S, et al. Tensile bond strength and SEM evaluation of caries-affected dentin using dentin adhesives. Journal of Dental Research. 1995;74:1679–1688
  4. Nakajima M, Sano H, Urabe I, Tagami J, Pashley DH. Bond strengths of single-bottle dentin adhesives to caries-affected dentin. Operative Dentistry. 2000;25:2–10
  5. Yoshiyama M, Tay FR, Doi J, Nishitani Y, Yamada T, Itou K, et al. Bonding of self-etch and total-etch adhesives to carious dentin. Journal of Dental Research. 2002;81:556–560
  6. Pereira PN, Nunes MF, Miguez PA, Swift EJ. Bond strengths of a 1-step self-etching system to caries-affected and normal dentin. Operative Dentistry. 2006;31:677–681
  7. Omar H, El-Badrawy W, El-Mowafy O, Atta O, Saleem B. Microtensile bond strength of resin composite bonded to caries-affected dentin with three adhesives. Operative Dentistry. 2007;32:24–30
  8. Applebaum E Lymph. Channels in dentine and enamel stained by amalgam. Journal of Dental Research. 1929;9:487–502
  9. Harnirattisai C, Senawongse P, Tagami J. Microtensile bondstrengths of two adhesive resins to discolored dentin after amalgam removal. Journal of Dental Research. 2007;86:232–236
  10. Ben-Amar A, Cardash HS. The fluid-filed gap under amalgam and resin composite restorations. American Journal of Dentistry. 1991;4:226–230
  11. Jodaikin A. Experimental microleakage around ageing dental amalgam restorations: a review. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 1981;8:517–526
  12. Pickard HM, Gayford JJ. Leakage at the margins of amalgam restorations. British Dental Journal. 1965;119:69–77
  13. Kidd EAM. Microleakage: a review. Journal of Dentistry. 1976;4:199–206
  14. Marek M. Interactions between dental amalgams and the oral environment. Advances in Dental Research. 1992;6:100–109
  15. Jörgensen KD. The mechanism of marginal fracture of amalgam fillings. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. 1965;23:347–389
  16. Ben-Amar A, Cardash HS, Judes H. The sealing of the tooth/amalgam interface by corrosion products. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 1995;22:101–104
  17. Dwinelle WH. Meeting of the New York Odontological Society. Dental Cosmos. 1881;23:427
  18. Massler M, Barber TK. Action of amalgam on dentin. Journal of the American Dental Association. 1953;47:415–422
  19. Söremark R, Wing K, Olsson K, Goldin J. Penetration of metallic ions from restorations into teeth. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1968;20:531–540
  20. Wei SHY, Ingram MJ. Analyses of the amalgam–tooth interface using the electron microprobe. Journal of Dental Research. 1969;48:317–320
  21. Mateer RS, Reitz C. Galvanic degradation of amalgam restorations. Journal of Dental Research. 1972;51:1546–1551
  22. Kurosaki N, Fusayama T. Penetration of elements from amalgam into dentin. Journal of Dental Research. 1973;52:309–317
  23. Van der Linden LWJ, Van Aken J. The origin of localized increased radiopacity in the dentin. Oral Surgery. 1973;35:862–871
  24. Halse A. Metals in tubules beneath amalgam fillings in human teeth. Archives of Oral Biology. 1975;20:87–88
  25. Hals E, Halse A. Electron probe microanalysis of secondary caries lesions associated with silver amalgam fillings. Acta Odontolgica Scandinavica. 1975;33:149–160
  26. Kidd EAM, Joyston-Bechal S, Smith MM. Staining of residual caries under freshly-packed amalgam restorations exposed to tea/chlorhxidine in vitro. International Dental Journal. 1990;40:219–224
  27. Rudolphy MP, Van Amerongen JP, Ten Cate JM. Radiopacities in dentin under amalgam restorations. Caries Research. 1994;28:240–245
  28. Rudolphy MP, Gorter Y, Van Loveren C, Poorterman JHG, Van Amerongen JP. Progression of radiopacities and radiolucencies under amalgam restorations on bite-wing radiographs. Caries Research. 1997;31:19–23
  29. Holland GA, Asgar A. Some effects on the phases of amalgam induced by corrosion. Journal of Dental Research. 1974;53:1245–1254
  30. Sarkar NK, Fuys RA, Schönfeld CM, Armstrong LM, Stanford JW. The tooth–amalgam interaction. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 1981;8:401–411
  31. Port RM, Marshall GW. Characteristics of amalgam restorations with variable clinical appearance. Journal of the American Dental Association. 1985;110:491–495
  32. Grossman ES, Wittcomb MJ, Jodaikin A. Elements in marginal seals at amalgam–tooth interfaces. Journal of Dental Research. 1986;65:998–1000
  33. Witcomb MJ, Jodaikin A, Grossman ES. The use of extraction replicas in scanning electron microscopy for the elemental analysis of marginal seals. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. 1987;21:955–964
  34. Weiland M, Kaiser A, Borrmann S, Klimm W. Qualitative Randspaltuntersuchungen am Amalgamfüllungen. Zahn-Mund-Kieferheilkunde. 1990;78:19–24
  35. Sutow EJ, Jones DW, Hall GC, Owen CG. Crevice corrosion of dental amalgam. Journal of Dental Research. 1991;70:1082–1087
  36. Grossman ES, Witcomb MJ, Matejka JM. Influence of amalgam, bases, and varnish on seal composition at restoration tooth interfaces. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1995;73:290–298
  37. McTigue D, Brice C, Nanda CR, Sarkar NK. The in vivo corrosion of dispersalloy. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 1984;11:351–359
  38. Guthrow CE, Johnson LB, Lawless KR. Corrosion of amalgam and its phases. Journal of Dental Research. 1967;46:1372–1381
  39. Mateer RS, Reitz C. Corrosion of amalgam restorations. Journal of Dental Research. 1970;49:399–407
  40. Jörgensen KD. Amalgame in der Zahnheilkunde. Karl Hanser Verlag, Munchen; 1977, pp. 64–73.
  41. Marek MI. Alterations of dental amalgam. In:  Eliades G,  Eliades T,  Brantley WA,  Watts DC editor. Dental materials in vivo ageing and related phenomena. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing; 2003;p. 61–77
  42. Sarkar NK, Greener EH. Corrosion behaviour of the tin-containing silver-mercury phase of dental amalgam. Journal of Dental Research. 1974;53:925–932
  43. Sarkar NK, Marshall GW, Moser JB, Greener EH. In vivo and in vitro corrosion products of dental amalgam. Journal of Dental Research. 1975;54:1031–1038
  44. Marshall SJ, Marshall GW. Sn4(OH)6Cl2 and SnO corrosion products of amalgams. Journal of Dental Research. 1980;59:820–823
  45. Marshall GW, Jackson BL, Marshall SJ. Copper-rich and conventional restorations after clinical use. Journal of the American Dental Association. 1980;100:43–47
  46. Mahler DB, Adey JD, Van Eysden J. Quantitative microprobe analysis of amalgam. Journal of Dental Research. 1975;54:218–226
  47. Takatsu T, Iwaku M, Fusayama T. Structure and effects of non-gamma-2 amalgam. Journal of Dental Research. 1977;56:40–45
  48. Innes DBK, Youdelis WV. Dispersion strengthened amalgams. Journal of the Canadian Dental Association. 1963;29:587–593
  49. Marshall SJ, Lin JH, Marshall GW. Cu2O and CuCl2·3Cu(OH)2 corrosion products on copper rich dental amalgams. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. 1982;16:81–85
  50. Lin JH, Marshall GW, Marshall SJ. Corrosion product formation sequence on Cu-rich amalgams in various solutions. Journal of Biomedical Research. 1983;17:913–920
  51. Brune D. Corrosion of amalgams. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research. 1981;89:506–514
  52. Johnson LB, Paffenbarger GC. The role of zinc in dental amalgams. Journal of Dental Research. 1980;59:1412–1419
  53. Letzel H, Van’t Hof MA, Marshall GW, Marshall SJ. The influence of the amalgam alloy on the survival of amalgam restorations: a secondary analysis of multiple controlled clinical trials. Journal of Dental Research. 1997;76:1787–1798
  54. Jensen SJ. Corrosion products of dental amalgam. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research. 1982;90:239–242
  55. Johansson B, Dérand T. Corrosion of amalgams with special regard to zinc. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research. 1983;91:320–324
  56. Hals E, Tveit AS, Tøtdal B. X-ray microanalysis of dentin: a review. Scanning Microscopy. 1988;2:357–369
  57. Hörsted-Bindslev P, Danscher GH, Hansen JC. Dentinal and pulpal uptake of mercury from lined and unlined amalgam restorations in minipigs. European Journal of Oral Sciences. 1997;105:338–343
  58. Akyüz S, Çaglar E. Pulpal uptake of mercury from lined amalgam restorations in guinea pigs. European Journal of Oral Sciences. 2002;110:460–463
  59. Ferracane JL, Mafian P, Cooper C, Okabe T. Time-dependent dissolution of amalgams into saline solution. Journal of Dental Research. 1987;66:1331–1335
  60. Okabe T, Elvebak B, Carrsco L, Ferracane JL, Keanini RG, Nakajima H. Mercury release from dental amalgams into continuously replenished liquids. Dental Materials. 2003;19:38–45
  61. Tveit AB, Hals E. Penetration of ions from silicate cement restorations into Copalite®-covered cavity walls. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. 1978;36:15–24
  62. Massler M. Pulpal reactions to dental caries. International Dental Journal. 1967;17:441–460
  63. Wei SHY, Kaqueler JC, Massler M. Remineralization of carious dentin. Journal of Dental Research. 1968;47:381–391
  64. Takuma S, Ogiwara H, Suzuki H. Electron-probe and electron micrsosope studies of carious dentinal lesions with a remineralized surface layer. Caries Research. 1975;9:278–285
  65. Fusayama T, Okuse K, Hosoda H. Relationship between hardness, discoloration and microbial invasion in carious dentin. Journal of Dental Research. 1966;45:1033–1046

PII: S0300-5712(09)00018-9

doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.01.009

Journal of Dentistry
Volume 37, Issue 5 , Pages 366-373 , May 2009