Journal of Dentistry
Volume 36, Issue 11 , Pages 878-884 , November 2008

A double blind randomized clinical trial of at-home tooth bleaching using two carbamide peroxide concentrations: 6-month follow-up

  • S.S. Meireles

      Affiliations

    • Department of Operative Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • S.S. Heckmann

      Affiliations

    • Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • I.S. Santos

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • A. Della Bona

      Affiliations

    • School of Dentistry, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • F.F. Demarco

      Affiliations

    • Department of Operative Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, FOUFPel, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457 Sala 504, Centro, CEP 96015-560, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Tel.: +55 53 3222 6690; fax: +53 3222 6690.

Received 24 April 2008 ,Revised 3 July 2008 ,Accepted 8 July 2008.

References 

  1. Hasson H, Ismail AI, Neiva G. Home-based chemically induced whitening of teeth in adults (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2006;4:1–43
  2. Matis BA. Tray whitening: what the evidence shows. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry. 2003;24:354–362
  3. Haywood VB. Frequently asked questions about bleaching. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry. 2003;24:324–337
  4. Joiner A. The bleaching of teeth: a review of the literature. Journal of Dentistry. 2006;34:412–419
  5. Aschill TM, Hellwig E, Schmidale S, Sculean A, Arweiler NB. Efficacy, side-effects and patients’ acceptance of different bleaching techniques (OTC, in-office, at-home). Operative Dentistry. 2005;30:156–163
  6. European Commission on Consumer Products. Scientific committee on consumer products opinion on hydrogen peroxide in tooth whitening products http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_sccp/docs/sccp_cons_01_en.pdf SCCP 0844 2005;4:1–50. April 14;2008.
  7. Marshall MV, Cancro LP, Fischman SL. Hydrogen peroxide: a review of its use in dentistry. Journal of Periodontology. 1995;66:786–796
  8. Karpinia K, Magnusson I, Barker ML, Gerlach RW. Clinical comparison of two self-directed bleaching systems. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2003;12:242–248
  9. Ziebolz D, Helms K, Hanning C, Attin T. Efficacy and oral side effects of two highly concentrated tray-based bleaching systems. Clinical Oral Investigations. 2007;11:267–275
  10. Zekonis R, Matis BA, Cochran MA, Al-Shetri SE, Eckert GJ, Carlson TJ. Clinical evaluation of in-office and at-home bleaching treatments. Operative Dentistry. 2003;28:114–121
  11. Matis BA, Mousa HN, Cochran MA, Eckert GJ. Clinical evaluation of bleaching agents of different concentrations. Quintessence International. 2000;31:303–310
  12. Mokhlis GR, Matis BA, Cochran MA, Eckert GJ. A clinical evaluation of carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide whitening agents during daytime use. Journal of the American Dental Association. 2000;131:1269–1277
  13. Leonard RH, Garland GE, Eagle JC, Caplan DJ. Safety issues when using a 16% carbamide peroxide whitening solution. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2002;14:358–367
  14. American Dental Association. ADA Acceptance Program Guidelines Dentist-dispensed home-use tooth bleaching products April, 2006. Retrieved online 15 May 2007 from http://www.ada.org/ada/seal/standards/guide_home_bleach.pdf.
  15. Brunton PA, Ellwood R, Davies R. A 6-month study of two self-applied tooth whitening products containing carbamide peroxide. Operative Dentistry. 2004;29:623–626
  16. Li Y, Lee SS, Cartwright SL, Wilson AC. Comparison of clinical efficacy and safety of three professional at-home tooth whitening systems. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry. 2003;24:357–360
  17. Haywood VB, Heymann HO. Nightguard vital bleaching. Quintessence International. 1989;20:173–176
  18. Ritter AV, Leonard RH, St Georges AJ, Caplan DJ, Haywood VB. Safety and stability of nightguard vital bleaching: 9–12 years post-treatment. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2002;14:275–285
  19. Kihn P, Barnes DM, Romberg E, Peterson K. A clinical evaluation of 10 percent vs. 15 percent carbamide peroxide tooth-whitening agents. Journal of the American Dental Association. 2000;131:1478–1484
  20. Meireles SS, Heckmann SS, Leida FL, Santos IS, Della Bona A, Demarco FF. Acceptability, efficacy and tolerability of 10% and 16% carbamide peroxide tooth-whitening gels: double blind randomized clinical trial. Operative Dentistry 33 (6), (in press).
  21. Matis BA, Wang Y, Eckert GJ, Cochran MA, Jiang T. Extended bleaching of tetracycline-stained teeth: a 5-year study. Operative Dentistry. 2006;31:643–651
  22. Leonard RH, Van Haywood B, Caplan DJ, Tart ND. Nightguard vital bleaching of tetracycline-stained teeth: 90 months post-treatment. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2003;15:142–152
  23. Swift EJ, May KN, Wilder AD, Heymann HO, Bayne SC. Two-year clinical evaluation of tooth whitening using an at-home bleaching system. Journal of Esthetic Dentistry. 1999;11:36–42
  24. Braun A, Jepsen S, Krause F. Spectrophotometric and visual evaluation of vital tooth bleaching employing different carbamide peroxide concentrations. Dental Materials. 2007;23:165–169
  25. Franchi I, Lolli A, Bianchi R, Bortolini S, Consolo U. Professional clinical bleaching with Pola office: 6-month clinical results with spectrophotometric analysis. Minerva Stomatologica. 2007;56:191–208
  26. Meireles SS, Demarco FF, Santos IS, Dumith SC, Della Bona A. Validation and reliability of visual assessment with a shade guide for tooth color classification. Operative Dentistry. 2008;33:117–122
  27. Commission Internationale De L’Eclairage. Recommendations on Uniform Colour Spaces, Colour Difference Equations and Psychometric Colour Terms 1978; 15 (Supplement 2) Paris: Bureau Central de la CIE.
  28. Rodriguez JPL, Guillen AJP, Hernandez FH, Maldonado RB, Marin NP. Effectiveness of treatment with carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide in subjects affected by dental fluorosis: a clinical trial. The Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry. 2003;28:63–67
  29. Berga-Caballero A, Forner-Navarro L, Amengual-Lorenzo J. At-home vital bleaching: a comparison of hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide treatments. Medicina Oral Patologia Oral y Cirurgia Bucal. 2006;11:E94–99
  30. Luo W, Westland S, Brunton P, Ellwood R, Pretty IA, Mohan N. Comparison of the ability of different colour indices to assess changes in tooth whiteness. Journal of Dentistry. 2007;35:109–116

PII: S0300-5712(08)00208-X

doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2008.07.002

Journal of Dentistry
Volume 36, Issue 11 , Pages 878-884 , November 2008