Journal of Dentistry
Volume 35, Issue 4 , Pages 325-330, April 2007

In vitro FT-IR study of the effects of hydrogen peroxide on superficial tooth enamel

  • Tamas Bistey

      Affiliations

    • University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, P.O. Box 13 H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +36 52 342 224; fax: +36 52 342 224.
    • ,
  • István P. Nagy

      Affiliations

    • University of Debrecen, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Chemistry, P.O. Box 7 H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary
    • ,
  • Anett Simó

      Affiliations

    • University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, P.O. Box 13 H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary
    • ,
  • Csaba Hegedűs

      Affiliations

    • University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, P.O. Box 13 H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary

Received 14 June 2006; received in revised form 11 October 2006; accepted 14 October 2006.

Abstract 

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to determine the alteration in human enamel after hydrogen peroxide treatment using FT-IR spectroscopy. It is hypothesized that infrared spectroscopy is capable of showing alterations in human enamel after peroxide treatment and the alteration in enamel is proportional to peroxide concentration.

Methods

The effects of 10, 20 and 30% hydrogen peroxide solutions on human enamel were tested. Thirty non-carious human teeth, extracted for periodontal reasons, were used in this study. They were divided into 3 groups of 10, according to the peroxide concentration, sectioned, and the specimens were embedded in resin for infrared spectroscopic analysis. The total treatment time was 120min. Spectra of the specimens were taken before treatment and 30, 60 and 120min after it. Another spectrum was taken in a week.

Results

Infrared spectroscopic analysis showed two distinct bands (biological PO4 ν1 and ν2) that were capable of describing the alterations in enamel structure. On comparing the infrared spectra of non-treated and treated specimens, structural changes were detected in the superficial enamel. The alteration in enamel was proportional to treatment time and hydrogen peroxide concentration. Higher concentration and longer treatment time resulted in more severe alterations. The numerical analysis of the spectra revealed that on using concentrated hydrogen peroxide solutions the alterations of the IR spectra were more pronounced. The spectra taken in 1 week after treatment did not show spontaneous reversibility in enamel structure.

Conclusion

At-home and in-office peroxide-containing bleaching agents are capable of causing alteration in enamel at low and high concentrations as well. According to the results of this study it is recommended to perform tooth whitening using low concentration of hydrogen and/or carbamide peroxide, and shorten treatment time to reduce the possible destruction but reach the required change in color.

Keywords: Hydrogen peroxide, Tooth whitening, Human enamel, Infrared spectroscopy

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PII: S0300-5712(06)00198-9

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2006.10.004

Journal of Dentistry
Volume 35, Issue 4 , Pages 325-330, April 2007

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